App Inventor BLE Component Demo 1: Turning a light on and off

Software Requirements

1. App Inventor with BLE Component

2. Android 4.3 or higher

Hardware Requirements

1. A lamp with bulb

2. Arduino UNO

3. USB Type A-B Cable

4. RedBearLab BLE Shield

5.  A single relay model: SRD-05VDC-SL-C

6. Dupon Line Male to Female

7. Bolt cutter suitable for cutting the lamp charger wire

8. Insulated rubber tape

Software setup

aia file: https://www.dropbox.com/s/sbrfgy2wsgsjheg/LightControl.aia?dl=0
LightControl.aia

apk file: https://www.dropbox.com/s/4kf6yl9mo65x33m/LightControl.apk?dl=0
LightControl.apk

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1. Getting Started

Connect to the App Inventor web site and start a new project named LightControl. Download the button picture on your computer. Connect your phone to the computer.

2. Introduction

You will build an App to control a lamp. You can connect to the RedBearLab Shield. Click the button to send the data to it, which will then control a relay to enable or disable the light. You can also use speech to control the lamp.

You will learn:
a. How to scan BLE devices
b. How to connect a BLE device through its Bluetooth Address.
c.  How to write to a BLE device through its UUID
d. How to convert your speech to text with App Inventor

3. Basic Concepts

Before building up the software parts, there are a few concepts that you need to know about:

Bluetooth Address:

A Bluetooth Address is a 6-byte unique identifier. When you do the Bluetooth device scanning, you will receive the packets that contain Bluetooth Address. If you want to connect to a specific device, you need to get its advertising packets first. And you need this Bluetooth address which is contained in the advertising packets to connect to the device

UUID:

UUID refers to an identification string to identify the data types found in the Generic Attributes Protocol (GATT). In this app, you need a Service UUID and a Characteristic UUID. A Service UUID is used to identify a service which is a collection of characteristics and relationships to other services that encapsulate the behavior of part of a device. A Characteristic UUID is used to define attribute types that contain a single logical value. All in all, a UUID identifies the data type.

4. Build the App ---- Designer View:
In this part you will learn how to design the UI for LightControl App.

Component Type	Palette Group	Name	Purpose	Component Settings
Button	User Interface	ConnectButton	Connect to the device by using Bluetooth Address	FontSize: 14 Width: Fill Parent
Button	User Interface	TurnOnButton	Send the data to BLE device to turn on the light	FontSize: 14 Height: 20% Width:  20%
Button	User Interface	TurnOffButton	Send the data to BLE device to turn off the light	FontSize: 14 Height: 20% Width:  20%
Button	User Interface	VoiceButton	Enable the voice control	Height: 100% Width:  100% Image: sound.png
Label	User Interface	VoiceLabel	Tell user the button function	FontSize: 20 Text: voice control
Label	User Interface	LightStatusLabel	Tell user the light status	FontSize: 16 Text: Light Status
HorizntalArrangement	Layout	HorizontalArrangement1	Hold the TurnOnButton and TurnOffButton	AlignHorizontal:left AlightVertical:Top Height: 20% Width: Fill Parent
VerticalArrangement	Layout	VerticalArrangement1	Hold the VoiceButton, VoiceLabel, LightStatusLabel	AlignHorizontal: Center AlightVertical: Center Width: Fill Parent
SpeechRecognizer	Media	SpeechRecognizer1	Convert user’s Speech to text
BLE	Connectivity	BLE1	Scan, Connect, Send data to BLE Device

      

Please design the screen like this:

            

5. Build the App ---- Blocks

If you want to connect to the RedBearLab Shield, you need to scan it first. You can use a button to trigger the StartScanning function. But a better way is to trigger the function once the app is opened:

Hold on for a while in order to make sure the device is found. Once the app is found you can connect to the device by clicking the ConnectButton and the block should be like this:

The address is Bluetooth Address, you can get it from your device provider or you can use this app to get the Bluetooth Address.(Click Start Scanning. The device list will be shown. The data format in each row is {BluetoothAddress DeviceName Rssi}. The format of Bluetooth Address will be xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx.)

In order to know the connection status, we can set the text of LightStatusLabel to be: “Connected! You can control your light now.” Simply make blocks like this:

After connecting tovice, we can write some data to the BLE device. In this app, we can write integer 0 and 1 in order to turn on and off the light. When you want to write to a BLE device, you need to specify the Service UUID and Characteristic UUID, we can do something like this:

So as the TurnOffButton:

We can enable the voice control by using SpeechRecognizor. Get your voice and convert it to text, when a “Turn On” is detected, the light will turn on and when a ”Turnoff” is detected, the light will turn off.

6. Arduino Programming

Arduino, RedBearLab BLE shield and a relay are the actual parts to control the light on and off. The BLE shield is used to receive the signal from your phone, and the arduino is responsible for sending a signal (HIGH or LOW) to the relay. Relay will control the light on and off. You need to program your Arduino using this arduino program. For more information about using Arduino UNO please visit the website: https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePage and visit this website to get to know how to use BLE shield with arduino.

You can open the Serial Monitor to get to know more about the status of the board.

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7. Hardware Setup

1. Set up the arduino board and BLE shield:

The RedBearLab shield and the Arduino UNO should be connected like this:

Then you need to plugin the Dupon Line(Male to Female) and connect it to the relay:

The plugs will be looked like this:

2. Cut the fire line of the lamp into two:

Warning: Dangerous! Please make 100% sure that you are not connecting the lamp with socket when cutting the wire. After cutting the wire please use the insulated rubber tape to protect the wire.

Connect the wire like this:

3. Plug in the lamp:

(Warning: Please be sure that you have a rubber glove to protect you, make sure that you plug in the wire in the right way, make sure sure that you do not touch the wire.)

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8. Test your app

After all, you can open your app for testing. Make sure that you are not too far from the Arduino and BLE Shield. Open the app and the scanning will be triggered immediately. Hold on for around 5 seconds, and click the ConnectButton. When you see that Text:

“Connected! You can control your light now.” You can then click the button to turn on and off the light. Also, try to use Voice control, simply speak: Turn on or Turn off.

Arduino + BLE Demo: HeartBeat Detector

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

MIT App Inventor Project, CSAIL

6.IoT Seminar

Fall 2015

Arduino + BLE Demo: HeartBeat Detector

Goals:

You will learn how to

⦁ add a sensor to an Arduino board

⦁ program the Arduino to read data from the sensor

⦁ program the Arduino to send the sensor data to the mobile phone

Prerequisites:

⦁ Arduino IDE is installed with the libraries

  ⚬ BLE SDK for Arduino

  ⚬ RBL-nRF8001

⦁ HeartbeatDetector.aia

⦁ HeartbeatDetector.apk

⦁ HeartBeatDetector.ino

⦁ Arduino Board + BLE shield

⦁ Arduino KY-039 Detect the heartbeat module

Exploration:

⦁ Connect the Arduino and the sensor in the following way-

⦁ Load the HeartBeatDetector.ino file into the Arduino Board with the Arduino IDE

⦁ Install the HeartbeatDetector.apk on your phone and start playing with it

  ⚬ FYI - If you are not using the board number 2, you need to load the aia, change the BLE address, and then build the new apk

Challenges:

⦁ Try to understand and explain to yourself the code in the HeartBeatDetector.ino

⦁ Load the HeartbeatDetector.aia into the App Inventor BLE instance - http://128.52.185.189:8888/

⦁ Try to understand and explain to yourself the code in the HeartbeatDetector.aia

⦁ Replace the heartbeat sensor with the temperature sensor  and make something.

⦁ Show us what you’ve made in the next class --- optional, but strongly encouraged

OBSOLETE: The FirebaseDB Component (Experimental)

March 2016:  This document is obsolete.  It has been superseded by Brief introduction to cloud data and the FirebaseDB component

Note:  The Firebase Component is still experimental.  The implementation may change and your apps may stop working.

The FirebaseDB component implements a shared key value store very similar to TinyWebDB. As its name implies the backend of the FirebaseDB is the Firebase database offered by http://www.firebase.com, which is now part of Google.

Compared the TinyWebDB the FirebaseDB component is backed by a secure, robust database. You do not need to run your own service to use it, we are currently providing a “public” service [NOTE: For the test server this is my personal developer account, so be gentle :-) -Jeff]. We also plan to add support for people providing their own Firebase accounts, but this isn’t working yet.

Like TinyWebDB, you query the database via the “GetValue” and the “StoreValue” blocks. To fetch the value of a “tag” you call “GetValue.” When the value is ready, you get a “GotValue” event which provides the value. There is no callback event for StoreValue.

FirebaseDB adds an additional event, the “DataChanged” event. Whenever one of your tags is changed, both by the currently running app or another copy anywhere else on the planet, you will get a “DataChanged” event.

You do not need your own firebase account, MIT is providing access to a shared account. Even though this account is shared, each developer has their own variable space which is separate from other users. Using this shared account you can create multiple applications that share variables, but two differently developers cannot share variables between apps that each owns separately.

You can also create your own Firebase account. However we do not recommend that you do so at this time as we have not completed support for private Firebase accounts.

Setting up the Firebase Designer properties

Here is what the Firebase Designer Properties look like:

The FirebaseToken property will automatically be setup for you. Do not edit it. It is the access control token that permits your application to access your variables on the server. If you do mistakenly edit it, and variables stop working, you should set it to an empty string (select all of the text in the textbox and delete it). Now reload your project and a new token will be generated automatically.

The FirebaseURL points to the account used at Firebase.  If you have your own Firebase account, you configure its URL here. Otherwise leave it at the “DEFAULT” value which causes the shared account to be used.

The last property, the “ProjectBucket” defaults to the name of the project. You can change this. If two projects share the same ProjectBucket, then they share variables as long as both projects belong to the same MIT App Inventor account.

FirebaseDB Blocks [Work in Progress]

Unauthenticate

If you are having difficulty with the Companion and you are switching between different Firebase accounts, you may need to use this function to clear internal Firebase caches. You can just use the "Do It" function on this block in the blocks editor.

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Experimental Components - App Inventor for Android

Table of Contents

• FirebaseDB

FirebaseDB

Non-visible component that communicates with Firebase to store and retrieve information.

Additional Information

Properties

DeveloperBucket (designer only)

FirebaseToken (designer only)

FirebaseURL

Gets the URL for this FirebaseDB.

Persist (designer only)

If true, variables will retain their values when off-line and the App exits. Values will be uploaded to Firebase the next time the App is run while connected to the network. This is useful for applications which will gather data while not connected to the network. Note: AppendValue and RemoveFirst will not work correctly when off-line, they require a network connection.

Note: If you set Persist on any Firebase component, on any screen, it makes all Firebase components on all screens persistent. This is a limitation of the low level Firebase library. Also be aware that if you want to set persist to true, you should do so before connecting the Companion for incremental development.

ProjectBucket

Gets the ProjectBucket for this FirebaseDB.

Events

DataChanged(text tag, any value)

Indicates that the data in the Firebase has changed. Launches an event with the tag and value that have been updated.

FirebaseError(text message)

Indicates that the communication with the Firebase signaled an error.

FirstRemoved(any value)

Event triggered by the "RemoveFirst" function. The argument "value" is the object that was the first in the list, and which is now removed.

GotValue(text tag, any value)

Indicates that a GetValue request has succeeded.

TagList(list value)

Event triggered when we have received the list of known tags. Used with the "GetTagList" Function.

Methods

AppendValue(text tag, any valueToAdd)

Append a value to the end of a list atomically. If two devices use this function simultaneously, both will be appended and no data lost.

GetTagList()

Get the list of tags for this application. When complete a "TagList" event will be triggered with the list of known tags.

GetValue(text tag, any valueIfTagNotThere)

GetValue asks Firebase to get the value stored under the given tag. It will pass valueIfTagNotThere to GotValue if there is no value stored under the tag.

RemoveFirst(text tag)

Return the first element of a list and atomically remove it. If two devices use this function simultaneously, one will get the first element and the the other will get the second element, or an error if there is no available element. When the element is available, the "FirstRemoved" event will be triggered.

ClearTag(text tag)

Remove the tag from Firebase

StoreValue(text tag, any valueToStore)

Asks Firebase to store the given value under the given tag.

If you are having difficulty with the Companion and you are switching between different Firebase accounts, you may need to use this function to clear internal Firebase caches. You can just use the "Do It" function on this block in the blocks editor. Note: You should not normally need to use this block as part of an application.

MIT App Inventor - Internet of Things Documentation and Resources

Documentation:

Overview

Controlling Bluetooth Low Energy devices with MIT App Inventor

Component

Experimental Components - App Inventor for Android

MIT App Inventor BluetoothLE Extension

MIT App Inventor Extensions

(This extension was in part made possible by a grant given by the University Program Office at Intel Corporation).

MIT App Inventor BluetoothLE Template project

http://template.appinventor.mit.edu/

Tutorials:

MIT BluetoothLE and the Arduino 101

⦁ Demo 1: BLE Advertisements
⦁ Demo 2: Scanning, connecting, reading and writing
⦁ Demo 3: Using a Grove Kit for plant monitoring

MIT 6.IOT Seminar

⦁ HeartBeat Detector
⦁ Demo 1: Turning a light on and off
⦁ Demo 2: BLE Advertisement
⦁ Demo 3: Game Console

CAVEDU Educational Technology (http://www.cavedu.com)

⦁ Lesson 1: Arduino 101 LED Blink
⦁ Lesson 2: Arduino 101 LED fading (PWM)
⦁ Lesson 3: Arduino 101 RGB LED by Dragging

Background papers:

Controlling Bluetooth Low Energy Devices with MIT App Inventor

(Tiffany Le)

This paper describes the initial design and testing of an App Inventor component for working with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices.  At its core, the BLE Component is designed to allow mobile phones to communicate with Internet of Things devices. Its added capabilities are dynamic detection and support for device-specific functionality, such as a temperature reading from a sensor. The BLE Component interacts in real-time with the sensors on the WICED Sense device and the Arduino 101 board. This overall design enables even those without any programming experience to create their own mobile applications that can communicate seamlessly with the ever-changing world of Internet of Things devices.

IoT Applications in App Inventor Using Arduino and BLE Advertisements

(Cristhian Ulloa)

This paper is a report on an MIT Undergraduate Advanced Project (UAP) devoted to enhancing MIT App Inventor’s ability to communicate with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices.   In particular, it describes BLE advertisements, and the enhancement of App Inventor’s BLE component to support Advertisements.

Case Studies: (Who is using Bluetooth LE and how)?

Coming soon

Stories: (Who is using MIT App Inventor BluetoothLE and how)?

Coming soon

Other Resources:

• Intel IoT:

http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/internet-of-things/overview.html

⦁ Arduino 101:

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoard101

⦁ Lego WeDo

https://education.lego.com/en-us/elementary/explore/science

                        Acknowledgements:

The new MIT App Inventor BluetoothLE component extension was in part made possible by a grant given by the University Program Office at Intel Corporation.